BECOME AN ENERGY MODEL OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: CONCEPTUAL FORMAT

Abstract

In the first quarter of the XXI century. We are all witnessing the transition of world energy to a qualitatively new stage of qualitative changes in the format of energy transformation Energy 4.0, based on a sustainable energy model of the global economy. As a result, the world community is growing aware of the threatening effects of climate change and the desire of many countries to ensure national energy security, which has become a powerful driver of limiting the role of fossil fuels in the global production system. Dynamic development in the global coordinates of a sustainable energy model is based on a number of drivers. In the scientific literature, they are qualified by a very accurate name 3D: decarbonization, decentralization and digitalization. To these we add another group of drivers, which we qualify as 2E - energy efficiency and energy conservation. Important, in the context of understanding the economic nature of energy decarbonization, is the application of technical and technological criteria to the classification identification of renewable energy. It is no coincidence that many countries around the world have been actively increasing the share of renewable energy resources in electricity production in recent years. In particular, in Paraguay 99% of electricity is generated by hydropower, in Norway this figure is 97%, in Costa Rica – 93%; and China and the United States currently have the largest capacity for wind and photovoltaic generation. Thus, the most common approaches distinguish three groups of renewable energy: energy aimed at regulating energy production; energy focused on disposing of unused energy; as well as energy, which involves the accumulation of energy. The sustainable energy model of the global economy is based on decarbonized digital energy, which is the basis for building decentralized channels of production and consumption of energy products, providing ample opportunities for multilevel economic entities to generate electricity and sell it on the market. Achieving this strategic goal lies in the comprehensive subordination of economic interests of business and business to the environmental interests of survival of human civilization by limiting the quantitative parameters of economic progress and implementation in the world economy of complex mechanisms of its conflict-free functioning within natural ecosystems.