ASSESSMENT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE MAIN TYPES OF TRANSPORT IN UKRAINE AND THEIR ROLE IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE IN CRISIS CONDITIONS
Abstract
The article is devoted to a comprehensive assessment of the activities of the main modes of transport in Ukraine and an analysis of their role in ensuring the economic development of the state in crisis conditions. The study examines the current state of road, rail, water (sea and river), air transport and urban electric transport, as well as their impact on the functioning of internal and external economic relations. The purpose of the article is to determine the level of efficiency of the transport system of Ukraine and substantiate its importance for maintaining economic stability and restoring the country in conditions of crisis phenomena caused by the global pandemic and military actions, disruption of logistics chains and transformation processes in the economy. The methodological basis of the study is the methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical and comparative analysis, as well as the generalization of scientific works and official statistical data. The main indicators of domestic modes of transport during the crisis period (2020-2024) are analyzed and their changing dynamics are determined. The strengths and weaknesses of each mode of transport are characterized. The government's steps towards the development of the transport sector during the period under study are noted. As a result of the study, it was established that the transport system of Ukraine plays a key role in ensuring the continuity of economic processes, export potential and socio-economic stability of the state. The main problems of the functioning of the transport sector in crisis conditions are identified, in particular, the deterioration of infrastructure, restrictions on logistics routes, significant sectoral destruction and the need to adapt to new economic realities. Priority areas for the modernization of the transport system are proposed in order to increase its efficiency and competitiveness in crisis conditions. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use in the process of forming a modern transport policy, planning measures to restore the domestic transport infrastructure, as well as in scientific research and educational activities.
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