FEATURES OF ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF PROJECT TEAMS IN IT COMPANIES UNDER CONDITIONS OF DYNAMIC CHANGE

Abstract

The article examines the features of adaptive management of project teams in IT companies operating under conditions of high uncertainty and dynamic change, with particular emphasis on crisis environments caused by economic instability, global disruptions, and the wartime context in Ukraine. Adaptive management is considered as a modern managerial concept that enables organizations to flexibly respond to changes in both external and internal environments through continuous adjustment of goals, management methods, resources, organizational structures, and decision-making processes. Its key role in ensuring the sustainability, resilience, and effectiveness of IT project teams in turbulent conditions is substantiated. The study analyzes the limitations of traditional project management models based on rigid planning and linear execution, which prove insufficient in environments characterized by rapid change, high risk, and unpredictability. Special attention is paid to the transformation of project management practices in the IT sector, where adaptive and flexible approaches have become essential for maintaining productivity, meeting customer requirements, and ensuring timely project delivery. The article explores the application of modern project management methodologies, including Waterfall, Agile, Scrum, Kanban, DevOps, and hybrid models, highlighting their advantages, disadvantages, and areas of effective use in unstable environments. The feasibility of implementing hybrid project management models that combine the structured control of traditional approaches with the flexibility of Agile methodologies is justified. The matrix organizational structure is analyzed as one of the most effective management models for IT companies, as it enables the optimal allocation of human resources, enhances cross-functional collaboration, and supports adaptability in project execution. The roles and functions of key structural elements of IT project management systems, such as top management, project management offices, development teams, product owners, and scrum masters, are examined in detail. Furthermore, the article investigates the impact of digital transformation on adaptive project management, including the use of cloud technologies, artificial intelligence, no-code platforms, and modern collaboration tools, which contribute to increased autonomy, resilience, and operational continuity of project teams. Particular emphasis is placed on social and psychological factors, such as effective communication, team motivation, emotional resilience, and psychological support, which have become critical determinants of project success in crisis conditions. Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches and practical experience of Ukrainian IT companies, practical recommendations are proposed to enhance the effectiveness of adaptive management of project teams. The findings of the study confirm that adaptive management serves as a key mechanism for maintaining project efficiency, strengthening team cohesion, and ensuring sustainable development of IT companies in a dynamically changing environment.